克里斯蒂安·埃里希·赫尔曼·冯·迈尔1801—1869

Life

He was born in Frankfurt am Main. In 1832, Meyer issued a work entitled Palaeologica, and went on to publish a series of memoirs on various fossil organic remains: molluscs, crustaceans, fishes and higher vertebrata, including the Triassic predator Teratosaurus, the earliest bird Archaeopteryx lithographica (1861), the pterosaur Rhamphorhynchus, and the prosauropod dinosaur Plateosaurus.

In Palaeologica, Meyer proposed a classification of fossil reptiles into four major groups based on their limbs:

Saurians with Toes Similar to those of Living Species (e.g.Teleosaurus, Protorosaurus, Streptospondylus)

• Saurians with Limbs Similar to Heavy Land Mammals (Iguanodon, Megalosaurus)
• Saurians with Limbs for Swimming (e.g. Plesiosaurus, Mosasaurus)
• Saurians with Flying Limbs (Pterodactylus)

His second group he belatedly termed Pachypodes in 1845, later revising to Pachypoda, from the Greek "pachy-/παχυ-" ("stout") and "pous/πους" ("foot"). He postulated the relation of this group to Dinosauria, coined a few years earlier by Richard Owen.

His more elaborate researches were those on the Carboniferous amphibia, the Permian reptiles, the Triassic amphibia and reptiles, and the reptiles of the Lithographic slates; and the results were embodied in his great work Zur Fauna der Vorwelt (1845–1860), profusely illustrated with plates drawn on stone by the author.

He was associated with W Dunker and Karl Alfred von Zittel in the publication of the Palaeontographica, which began in 1851. He was awarded the Wollaston medal by the Geological Society of London in 1858. Two years later, he was elected to the American Philosophical Society.

Today, Meyer is probably best known for describing and naming the prosauropod dinosaur Plateosaurus engelhardti from Central Europe.