吴良镛1922—

生平

1937年，日军从上海攻入南京，吴良镛辗转流亡重庆，1940年毕业于国立二中（即西迁的扬州中学），1944年毕业于西迁重庆的国立中央大学建筑工程系。1948年8月，经清华大学建筑系教授梁思成推荐，吴良镛赴美国，在9月初到匡溪艺术学院建筑与城市设计系深造，师从建筑师埃罗·沙里宁，1949年获硕士学位，在美国曾讲学。1950年荣获美国“罗马奖金”，年底接到梁思成、林徽因来信告知新中国急需建设人才，绕道香港回国于1951年2月到清华执教。

1978年起对北京旧城区中心地段的整治进行研究。1988年为北京菊儿胡同典型的“危积漏”（危房、积水、漏雨）进行改造，顺其原有肌理以旧换新。改造后成为北京老城区改造的典范之作。1993年，这一危房改造项目获得英国建筑和社会住房基金会颁发的“世界人居奖”。

2008年夏天到自己主持设计的南京红楼梦文化博物苑（后改名为南京江宁织造博物馆）施工现场指导，在酷暑高温突发中风，经医生精心医治下逐渐恢复。

家庭

育有一子，为北京市建筑设计研究院总建筑师、总规划师，北京市政协常委吴晨。

奖项和荣誉

• 1950年，美国罗马奖金竞赛荣誉奖
• 1991年，国家教委科技进步一等奖
• 1995年，何梁何利科技进步奖
• 1996年，国际建协教育评论奖
• 1999年，法国文化艺术骑士勋章
• 2002年，荷兰克劳斯亲王基金会克劳斯亲王奖
• 2004年，北京市高等教育教学成果一等奖
• 2010年，陈嘉庚科学奖技术科学奖
• 2011年，国家最高科学技术奖
• 2012年，南京大学杰出校友、东南大学杰出成就校友

Wu Liangyong (Chinese: 吴良镛, born 7 May 1922) is a Chinese architect and urban planner. He was a former professor in urban planning, architecture, and design. In preparation to the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, he was leading the team that studied the buildings of the games. He is considered the most influential architect and urban planner in China.

Life

Wu was born in Nanjing on 7 May 1922. In 1944, he obtained a bachelor's degree in architecture at the National Central University (now Nanjing University) in Chongqing, and a master's degree at the American Guangxi Art Academy. He also studied at the Cranbrook Academy of Art in the United States. Together with professor Liang Sicheng, he founded the Faculty of Architecture on the Tsinghua University in 1946, where he focused on urban planning, architecture, and design. All together he taught fifty years at Tsinghua University.

Next to his professorate, Wu carried out different administrative functions. He was vice-president of the International Union of Architects and of the Architecture Society of China. Furthermore, he was chairman of the World Society for the Science of Human Settlements and of the Urban Planning Society of China.

His development of the Ju'er Hutong in Beijing is seen as state of the art. Furthermore, he developed the new library of Beijing and the enlargement of Tiananmen Square, and redeveloped Guilin and the Central Art and Design Academy of the Confucius Institute. In preparation to the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, Wu was leading the team that studied the buildings of the games.

Wu received a number of awards. He was the first to win the Award for Scientific and Technological Progress by the State Education Commission. In 1993, he won a World Habitat Award of the United Nations for his contribution to the house-building project of Ju'er Hutong in Beijing. In 1995, he won the Ho Leung Ho Lee Prize and in 1996 the UIA Architectural Education Prize of the International Union of Architects. Wu was honored with a Prince Claus Award from the Netherlands in 2002. The jury praised his architectonic work, as well as his compilation of a ten-volume encyclopedia of regional architectures around the world.

Wu turned 100 in May 2022.

Bibliography (selection)

1989: General Theory of Architecture

1991: The Second Report on the Rural and Urban Spatial Development Planning Study for the Capital Region, ISBN 978-7302139928

1999: Rehabilitating the Old City of Beijing: A Project in the Ju'Er Hutong Neighbourhood, ISBN 978-0774807265

2014: Integrated Architecture (English-Italian Translation of General Theory of Architecture), ISBN 9788868121433. Nuova Cultura, [1] Archived 2014-10-28 at the Wayback Machine