伯特伦·布罗克豪斯1918—2003

生平

布罗克豪斯出生于莱斯布里奇，1947年在不列颠哥伦比亚大学获文学学士、1948年和1950年在多伦多大学获文学硕士和哲学博士。

1950年至1962年，布罗克豪斯在加拿大原子能公司的乔克里弗实验室工作。1962年，布罗克豪斯成为麦克马斯特大学的教授直至1984年退休。

1994年，布罗克豪斯因与克利福德·沙尔在中子衍射研究中取得进展而共同获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。1982年，布罗克豪斯还获得了加拿大勋章。

2003年病逝于安大略省哈密尔顿。

2005年10月，作为麦克马斯特大学75周年庆典的一部分，安大略省哈密尔顿的大学大道被重新命名为布罗克豪斯大道。

Bertram Neville Brockhouse, (July 15, 1918 – October 13, 2003) was a Canadian physicist. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics (1994, shared with Clifford Shull) "for pioneering contributions to the development of neutron scattering techniques for studies of condensed matter", in particular "for the development of neutron spectroscopy".

Early life and education

Brockhouse was born in Lethbridge, Alberta, to a family of English descent. He was a graduate of the University of British Columbia (BA, 1947) and the University of Toronto (MA, 1948; Ph.D, 1950).

Career and research

From 1950 to 1962, Brockhouse carried out research at Atomic Energy of Canada's Chalk River Nuclear Laboratory. Here he was joined by P. K. Iyengar, who is treated as the father of India's nuclear program.

In 1962, he became a professor at McMaster University in Canada, where he remained until his retirement in 1984.

Brockhouse died on October 13, 2003, in Hamilton, Ontario, aged 85.

Awards and honours

Brockhouse was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1965. In 1982, Brockhouse was made an Officer of the Order of Canada and was promoted to Companion in 1995.

Brockhouse shared the 1994 Nobel Prize in Physics with American Clifford Shull of MIT for developing neutron scattering techniques for studying condensed matter.

In October 2005, as part of the 75th anniversary of McMaster University's establishment in Hamilton, Ontario, a street on the university campus (University Avenue) was renamed to Brockhouse Way in honour of Brockhouse. The town of Deep River, Ontario, has also named a street in his honour.

The Nobel Prize that Bertram Brockhouse won (shared with Clifford Shull) in 1994 was awarded after the longest-ever waiting time (counting from the time when the award-winning research had been carried out-[1958-1994 36 years]).

In 1999 the Division of Condensed Matter and Materials Physics (DCMMP) and the Canadian Association of Physicists (CAP) created a medal in honour of Brockhouse. The medal is called the Brockhouse Medal and is awarded to recognize and encourage outstanding experimental or theoretical contributions to condensed matter and materials physics. This medal is awarded annually on the basis of outstanding experimental or theoretical contributions to condensed matter physics. An eligible candidate must have performed their research primarily with a Canadian Institution.