亨德里克·范德胡斯特1918—2000

生平

1944年，范德胡斯特作为乌特勒支大学的一名学生，预言了星际中性氢21厘米线的存在。在这一条谱线被发现之后，他和扬·奥尔特、克里斯蒂安·亚历山大·穆勒 (Christiaan Alexander "Lex" Muller)，一起参与了利用射电天文学描绘银河系中中性氢的分布，并第一次揭示了银河系的旋涡结构。受宇宙尘埃散射的启发，范德胡斯特研究了球形粒子的光散射，并以此为题撰写了博士论文，随后提出了反常衍射理论 (anomalous diffraction theory)。

他的研究生涯大部分时间在莱顿大学度过。1960年之后，他成为了国际空间研究项目的领导者1956年，他成为荷兰皇家艺术与科学学院院士。 1984年退休。

奖项和荣誉

奖项

• 美国国家科学院亨利·德雷伯奖章 (1955)
• 皇家天文学会爱丁顿奖章 (1955)
• 皇家学会拉姆福德奖章 (1964)
• 太平洋天文学会布鲁斯奖章 (1978)
• 德国天文学会卡尔·史瓦西奖章 (1995)

荣誉

荷兰皇家艺术与科学学院院士（1956年）

以他的名字命名的事物

小行星范德胡斯特

传记

Tenn, Joe. Hendrik Christoffel van de Hulst. Sonoma State University. [2007-01-05]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-29）.

Hendrik Christoffel "Henk" van de Hulst (19 November 1918 – 31 July 2000) was a Dutch astronomer.

In 1944, while a student in Utrecht, he predicted the existence of the 21 cm hyperfine line of neutral interstellar hydrogen. After this line was discovered, he participated, with Jan Oort and Lex Muller, in the effort to use radio astronomy to map out the neutral hydrogen in our galaxy, which first revealed its spiral structure. Motivated by the scattering in cosmic dust, Van de Hulst studied light scattering by spherical particles and wrote his doctoral thesis on the topic, subsequently formulating the anomalous diffraction theory.

He spent most of his career at Leiden University, retiring in 1984. He published widely in astronomy, and dealt with the solar corona, and interstellar clouds. After 1960 he was a leader in international space research projects.

In 1956 he became member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Honors

• Awards
• Henry Draper Medal of the National Academy of Sciences (1955)
• Eddington Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1955)
• Rumford Medal of the Royal Society (1964)
• Bruce Medal of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (1978)
• Karl Schwarzschild Medal of the Astronomische Gesellschaft (1995)
• Named after him
• Asteroid 2413 van de Hulst
• van de Hulst approximation

Honors

• elected to the American Philosophical Society (1960)
• elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1960)
• elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences (1977)