地榆属属

物种

• 本属包括以下物种：
• 高山地榆 Sanguisorba alpina
• 宽蕊地榆 Sanguisorba applanata
• 疏花地榆 Sanguisorba diandra
• 矮地榆 Sanguisorba filiformis
• 直穗地榆 Sanguisorba grandiflora
• Sanguisorba minor
• 地榆 Sanguisorba officinalis
• 大白花地榆 Sanguisorba stipulata
• 细叶地榆 Sanguisorba tenuifolia

Sanguisorba is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The common name is burnet.

Description

The plants are herbaceous perennials or small shrubs. The stems grow to 50–200 cm (20–79 in) tall and have a cluster of basal leaves, with further leaves arranged alternately up the stem. The leaves are pinnate, 5–30 cm (2.0–11.8 in) long, with 7–25 leaflets, the leaflets with a serrated margin. Young leaves grow from the crown in the center of the plant. The flowers are small, produced in dense clusters 5–20 mm long; each flower has four very small petals, white to red in colour.

Species

The following species are accepted:

Sanguisorba albanica András. & Jáv.

Sanguisorba albiflora (Makino) Makino

Sanguisorba alpina Bunge

Sanguisorba ancistroides (Desf.) Ces.

Sanguisorba annua (Nutt. ex Hook.) Torr. & A.Gray – annual burnet, prairie burnet, western burnet

Sanguisorba applanata T.T.Yu & C.L.Li

Sanguisorba armena Boiss.

Sanguisorba azovtsevii Krasnob. & Pshenich.

• Sanguisorba canadensis L. – Canadian burnet, white burnet
• Sanguisorba cretica Hayek
• Sanguisorba diandra (Hook.f.) Nordborg
• Sanguisorba dodecandra Moretti – Italian burnet

Sanguisorba durui Yild.

Sanguisorba filiformis (Hook.f.) Hand.-Mazz.

Sanguisorba hakusanensis Makino

Sanguisorba hybrida (L.) Font Quer

Sanguisorba indica (Gardner) Tirveng.

• Sanguisorba japonensis (Makino) Kudô
• Sanguisorba × kishinamii Honda
• Sanguisorba lateriflora (Coss.) A.Braun & C.D.Bouché

Sanguisorba longifolia Bertol.

Sanguisorba magnifica I.Schischk. & Kom.

Sanguisorba mauritanica Desf.

Sanguisorba megacarpa (Lowe) Muñoz Garm. & C.Navarro

Sanguisorba menendezii (Svent.) Nordborg – Canary Islands burnet

Sanguisorba menziesii Rydb.

Sanguisorba minor Scop. – salad burnet, garden burnet, little burnet

Sanguisorba obtusa Maxim. – Japanese burnet

Sanguisorba occidentalis Nutt.

Sanguisorba officinalis L. – great burnet, burnet bloodwort

Sanguisorba × poroshirensis S.Watan.

Sanguisorba × pseudo-officinalis Naruh.

Sanguisorba riparia Juz.

Sanguisorba rupicola (Boiss. & Reut.) A.Braun & C.D.Bouché

Sanguisorba sirnakia Yild.

Sanguisorba stipulata Raf.

Sanguisorba × takahashihideoi Naruh.

Sanguisorba tenuifolia Fisch. ex Link

Sanguisorba verrucosa (Link ex G.Don) Ces.

Ecology

Sanguisorba minor is a food plant for the larvae of the grizzled skipper (Pyrgus malvae) and the mouse moth (Amphipyra tragopoginis). The caterpillars of both the scarce and dusky large blue feed on Sanguisorba officinalis.

Cultivation and uses

Burnets are cultivated as garden plants. Many cultivars have been bred, especially from S. officinalis. S. canadensis is grown for its white flowers on stems that well exceed a meter tall. The plants hybridize easily, producing new mixes. S. obtusa is valued for its foliage of pink-edged, gray-green leaves.

Sanguisorba officinalis is used in traditional Chinese medicinal to treat gastrointestinal conditions and bleeding.

Sanguisorba minor, salad burnet, has similarly been used medicinally in Europe to control bleeding. The leaves have a cucumber flavour and can be eaten in salads, or used fresh or dried and made into a tea.

Etymology

The Latin genus name Sanguisorba means 'blood stauncher'. 'Sanguis' is a cognate with 'sanguine', meaning 'blood'. 'Sorbeo' means 'to staunch'. The plant is known to have styptic properties.