斑羚属属

物种

本属有五种：

红斑羚（学名：Nemorhaedus baileyi）：中国的云南和西藏，以及印度和缅甸的北部。

长尾斑羚（中华斑羚；学名：Nemorhaedus caudatus；异名：华南山羚、灰斑羚Nemorhaedus griseus）：俄罗斯东部、中国直到东南亚的泰国西部和缅甸东部。

Naemorhedus cranbrooki

缅甸斑羚（学名：Naemorhedus evansi）

喜马拉雅斑羚（学名：Nemorhaedus goral）：印度东北部、尼泊尔、不丹和巴基斯坦北部。

The gorals are four species in the genus Naemorhedus. They are small ungulates with a goat-like or antelope-like appearance. Until recently, this genus also contained the serow species (now in genus Capricornis).

Etymology

The original name is based on Latin nemor-haedus, from nemus, nemoris 'grove' and haedus 'little goat', but it was misspelt Naemorhedus by Hamilton Smith (1827).

The name goral comes from an eastern Indian word for the Himalayan goral.

Habitat

Gorals are often found on rocky hillsides at high elevations. Though their territories often coincide with those of the closely related serow, the goral will usually be found on higher, steeper slopes with less vegetation.

Characteristics

Gorals typically weigh 25–40 kilograms (55–88 lb), stand 51–79 centimetres (20–31 in) tall at the shoulder, and are 80–130 centimetres (31–51 in) in length, with short, backward-facing horns. Coloration differs between species and individuals, but generally ranges from light gray to dark red-brown, with lighter patches on the chest, throat, and underside, and a dark stripe down the spine. They have woolly undercoats covered by longer, coarser hair, which helps to protect them in the cold areas where they are often found.

Though the groups share many similarities, gorals are stockier than antelopes and have broader, heavier hooves. Female gorals have four functional teats, while female goats and sheep have only two functional teats. Unlike serows, gorals have no working preorbital glands.