贝蒂尔·林德布拉德1895—1965

生平

林德布拉德1895年出生于瑞典的厄勒布鲁，1914年进入乌普萨拉大学学习，1920年取得博士学位。1921年至1927年期间在乌普萨拉大学天文台工作，1927年任瑞典皇家科学院天文学教授，创建了斯德哥尔摩天文台并任首任台长，直到逝世。此外，他还于1948年至1952年期间担任国际天文学联合会的主席，还曾两次出任瑞典皇家科学院的院长。1965年林德布拉德在斯德哥尔摩去世。

林德布拉德主要工作是在银河系和星团的结构等方面，是星系动力学的先驱。他发现恒星有在星系的旋臂中聚集的倾向。1926年，林德布拉德提出银河系由许多子系统组成，解释了银河系中恒星的速度分布，提出银河系自转中心在人马座方向。1927年发表了著名的关于银河系较差自转的论文，为荷兰天文学家扬·奥尔特进一步建立银河系自转的理论奠定了基础。1942年，他首先提出了密度波理论，用于解释旋涡星系的旋臂结构。他还在1920年代进行了辐射研究，解释太阳的临边昏暗现象。

林德布拉德曾于1948年获得了英国皇家天文学会金质奖章，1954年获得了布鲁斯奖。月球上的一座环形山以及第1448号小行星被命名为“林德布拉德”。

Bertil Lindblad (26 November 1895 – 25 June 1965) was a Swedish astronomer.

After finishing his secondary education at Örebro högre allmänna läroverk, Lindblad matriculated at Uppsala University in 1914. He received his filosofie magister degree in 1917, his filosofie licentiat degree in 1918 and completed his doctorate and became a docent at the university in 1920. From 1927 he was professor and astronomer of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and head of the Stockholm Observatory. In the latter capacity he was responsible for the observatory's move from the old building

in the centre of Stockholm to a newly built facility in Saltsjöbaden Observatory, which was opened in 1931.

Lindblad studied the theory of the rotation of galaxies. By making careful observations of the apparent motions of stars, he was able to study the rotation of the Milky Way. He deduced that the rate of rotation of the stars in the outer part of the galaxy, where the Sun is located, decreased with distance from the galactic core. This deduction was soon confirmed by Jan Oort in 1927. A certain

class of resonances in rotating stellar or gaseous disks are named Lindblad resonances, after Bertil Lindblad.

His son, Per Olof Lindblad, also became an astronomer.

Honors

Awards

Janssen Medal from the French Academy of Sciences (1938)

Prix Jules Janssen, the highest award of the Société astronomique de France, the French astronomical society (1949)

• Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1948)
• Bruce Medal (1954)
• Named after him
• Lindblad (crater) on the Moon
• Asteroid 1448 Lindbladia