水牛属属

• 水牛属（学名：Bubalus），是牛科的一属，包括五种现存的水牛：
• 河水牛 Bubalus arnee
• 水牛 Bubalus bubalus
• 低地倭水牛 Bubalus depressicornis
• 山地倭水牛 Bubalus quarlesi
• 民都洛水牛 Bubalus mindorensis

灭绝种

• 宿务水牛 B. cebuensis
• 穆尔水牛 B. murrensis
• 长角爪哇水牛 B. palaeokerabau
• Bubalus grovesi
• 德氏水牛 B. teilhardi
• 杨氏水牛 B. youngi
• 王氏水牛 B. wansijocki
• 丁氏水牛 B. tingi
• 固镇水牛 B. guzhenensis
• 圣水牛 B. mephistophele
• 短角水牛 B. brevicornis
• 三角水牛 B. triangulus
• 富地水牛 B. fudi

Bubalus is a genus of Asiatic bovines that was proposed by Charles Hamilton Smith in 1827. Bubalus and Syncerus form the subtribe Bubalina, the true buffaloes.

The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and classification of domestic animals as species, subspecies, races or breeds has been discussed controversially for many years and was inconsistent between authors. Assessors of the Food and Agriculture Organization consider domestic water buffalo populations as breeds.

Bubalus species comprise the domestic water buffalo (B. bubalis), the wild water buffalo (B. arnee), the tamaraw (B. mindorensis), the lowland anoa (B. depressicornis), and the mountain anoa (B. quarlesi). The latter two anoa species were proposed to form a subgenus Anoa within Bubalus.

Characteristics

In 1827, Charles Hamilton Smith described Bubalus as low in proportion to the bulk with very solid limbs, a small dewlap and a long, slender tail; the head is large with a strong convex-shaped narrow forehead, large eyes and funnel-shaped ears; horns are lying flat or bending laterally with a certain direction to the rear; the female udder has four mammae. In 1913, Lydekker added that the line of back is nearly straight with 13 pairs of ribs; the tail is tufted and reaching about to the hocks; the horns are more or less markedly triangular for the greater part of their length and situated low down on the skull; the muzzle is broad, and the hair sparse in adults.

Species

Valid names

The 2013 checklist of the Catalogue of Life lists as "accepted" five species binomina in the genus Bubalus:

• Bubalus bubalis Linnaeus, 1758
• Bubalus depressicornis Smith, 1827
• Bubalus mephistopheles Hopwood, 1925
• Bubalus mindorensis Heude, 1888
• Bubalus quarlesi Ouwens, 1910

Bubalus arnee is not listed here.

The Integrated Taxonomic Information System lists the same five species binomina as valid; it also lists as valid six subspecies of Bubalus bubalis:

• Bubalus bubalis arnee Kerr, 1792
• Bubalus bubalis bubalis Linnaeus, 1758
• Bubalus bubalis fulvus Blanford, 1891
• Bubalus bubalis kerabau Fitzinger, 1860
• Bubalus bubalis migona Deraniyagala, 1952
• Bubalus bubalis theerapati Groves, 1996

Fossil species

• The following extinct fossil species have been described:
• Bubalus brevicornis - Young, 1936
• Bubalus cebuensis (Cebu tamaraw) - Croft, Heaney, Flynn and Bautista, 2006
• Bubalus fudi - Guo, 2008 - (possibly a subspecies of Bubalus wansijocki)
• Bubalus grovesi - Rozzi, 2017
• Bubalus mephistopheles (Short-horned water buffalo) - Hopwood, 1925
• Bubalus murrensis (European water buffalo) - Berckhemer, 1927
• Bubalus palaeokerabau (Long-horned Javan water buffalo) - E. Dubois, 1908
• Bubalus platyceros - Lydekker, 1877
• Bubalus teilhardi - Young, 1932
• Bubalus wansjocki - Chardin, 1928
• Bubalus youngi - Chow and Hsu, 1957