约翰·罗素·欣德1823—1895

生平

1823年5月12日出生于英国诺丁汉。欣德在乔治·比德尔·艾里主持下的皇家格林尼治天文台开始了其职业生涯，随后接替威廉·拉特·道斯担任乔治主教私人天文台的主管。

1853年至1891年之间，欣德担任航海天文历的负责人。

他于1863年6月被选为英国皇家学会会员，并于1880年当选为英国皇家天文学会主席。

1895年12月23日，他逝世于英国伦敦。

奖项和荣誉

1853年，欣德获得英国皇家天文学会金质奖章。为了纪念欣德，月球上的一处环形山被命名为欣德环形山，同时小行星1897也以他的名字命名。

John Russell Hind FRS FRSE LLD (12 May 1823 – 23 December 1895) was an English astronomer.

Life and work

John Russell Hind was born in 1823 in Nottingham, the son of lace manufacturer John Hind and Elizabeth Russell, and was educated at Nottingham High School. At age 17 he went to London to serve an apprenticeship as a civil engineer, but through the help of Charles Wheatstone he left engineering to accept a position at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich under George Biddell Airy.

Hind remained there from 1840 to 1844, at which time he succeeded W. R. Dawes as director of the private George Bishop's Observatory. In 1853 Hind became Superintendent of the Nautical Almanac, a position he held until 1891.

Hind is notable for being one of the early discoverers of asteroids. He also discovered and observed the variable stars R Leporis (also known as Hind's Crimson Star), U Geminorum, and T Tauri (also called Hind's Variable Nebula), and discovered the variability of μ Cephei. Hind discovered Nova Ophiuchi 1848 (V841 Ophiuchi), the first object of its type discovered since 1670.

Hind's naming of the asteroid 12 Victoria caused some controversy. At the time, asteroids were not supposed to be named after living persons. Hind somewhat disingenuously claimed that the name was not a reference to Queen Victoria, but the mythological figure Victoria.

He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in June 1863 and President of the Royal Astronomical Society for 1880-1882.

He died in 1895 at his home 3 Cambridge Park Gardens, Twickenham, London. Hind had married Fanny Fuller in 1846; he and his wife had six children.

Honours and legacy

• Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1853)
• Honorary membership of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society (1848)
• Fellow of the Royal Society (1863)
• The crater Hind on the Moon
• Asteroid 1897 Hind. Details: MPC

Comets C/1847 C1 (Hind) and C/1846 O1 (de Vico–Hind).

Hind's Crimson Star – The red-giant variable star R Leporis

Hind's Variable Nebula – A reflection nebula in Taurus, also known as NGC 1555, associated with the young, irregular variable star T Tauri.