格物
图：David F. Belmonte · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons
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西部岩䴓种
Sitta neumayer
The western rock nuthatch is a small passerine bird which breeds from Croatia east through Greece and Turkey to Iran. This nuthatch is largely resident apart from some post-breeding dispersal. The eastern rock nuthatch Sitta tephronota is a separate species, which occurs further east in south-central Asia.
摘自英文维基百科「Western rock nuthatch」（英文维基百科，暂无中文条目），CC BY-SA 4.0
- 学名
- Sitta neumayer
- 分类等级
- 种
- 英文名
- Western Rock Nuthatch
- 上级类群
- 䴓属
- 大类
- 鸟类
- 命名
- Karl Michahelles，1830 年
- 保护状况（IUCN）
- 无危物种
- 体重
- 2.43 克（出生体重）
- 数据库
- NCBI 分类 · GBIF · IUCN 红色名录
分类阶元
- 域真核生物
- 未标等级无定形生物 Amorphea
- 演化支后鞭毛生物 Opisthokonta
- 总界动物总界 Holozoa
- 未标等级蜷丝生物 Filozoa
- 未标等级领鞭毛动物 Choanozoa
- 界动物界 Animalia
- 亚界真后生动物亚界 Eumetazoa
- 未标等级副同源异形基因动物 Parahoxozoa
- 亚界两侧对称动物 Bilateria
- 总门后口动物总门 Deuterostomia
- 门脊索动物门 Chordata
- 亚门脊椎动物亚门 Vertebrata
- 下门有颌下门 Gnathostomata
- 未标等级正真口类 Euteleostomi
- 总纲肉鳍鱼总纲 Sarcopterygii
- 未标等级扇鳍鱼类 Rhipidistia
- 亚纲四足形类 Tetrapodomorpha
- 未标等级始四足目 Eotetrapodiformes
- 下纲希望螈目 Elpistostegalia
- 未标等级坚头类 Stegocephalia
- 总纲四足总纲 Tetrapoda
- 未标等级爬行形类 Reptiliomorpha
- 未标等级羊膜动物 Amniota
- 未标等级蜥形纲 Sauropsida
- 纲爬行动物 Reptilia
- 未标等级真爬行动物类 Eureptilia
- 未标等级卢默龙类 Romeriida
- 未标等级双孔亚纲 Diapsida
- 未标等级新双弓类 Neodiapsida
- 未标等级蜥蜴亚目 Sauria
- 未标等级主龟龙类 Archelosauria
- 未标等级主龙形下纲 Archosauromorpha
- 未标等级主龙型类 Archosauriformes
- 未标等级镶嵌踝类主龙 Crurotarsi
- 未标等级主龙类 Archosauria
- 未标等级鸟跖类 Avemetatarsalia
- 未标等级鸟颈类主龙 Ornithodira
- 未标等级恐龙形类 Dinosauromorpha
- 未标等级恐龙型类 Dinosauriformes
- 未标等级龙群类 Dracohors
- 演化支恐龙 Dinosauria
- 未标等级蜥臀目 Saurischia
- 演化支兽脚亚目 Theropoda
- 未标等级新兽脚类 Neotheropoda
- 未标等级鸟吻类 Averostra
- 下目坚尾龙类 Tetanurae
- 演化支俄里翁龙类 Orionides
- 未标等级鸟兽脚类 Avetheropoda
- 演化支虚骨龙类 Coelurosauria
- 未标等级暴盗龙类 Tyrannoraptora
- 未标等级手盗龙形态类 Maniraptoromorpha
- 纲鸟纲 Aves
- 亚纲今鸟亚纲 Neornithes
- 下纲今颚下纲 Neognathae
- 总目新鸟总目 Neoaves
- 未标等级雀类 Passerea
- 未标等级陆鸟类 Telluraves
- 未标等级南鸟类 Australavis
- 未标等级真隼形类 Eufalconimorphae
- 未标等级鹦雀总目 Psittacopasserae
- 目雀形目 Passeriformes
- 演化支真雀类 Eupasseres
- 亚目鸣禽亚目 Passeri
- 科䴓科 Sittidae
- 属䴓属 Sitta
- 种西部岩䴓 Sitta neumayer
百科正文
本条目暂无中文维基百科条目，下面是英文维基百科原文。
It feeds on insects and spiders in summer, supplemented with seeds and snails in winter. It feeds on the ground, and will wedge larger items in rock crevices while it hammers them open with its strong bill. It will also flycatch.
Taxonomy
Three subspecies are accepted:
Sitta neumayer neumayer Michahelles, 1830. Southeast Europe, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, the Caucasus, northern Iraq, and northwestern Iran. The largest subspecies, 23–35.5 g. Dark grey above, with a long, well-marked black eyestripe, a white throat, and underparts shading to buff on the belly. Sexes are similar, and young birds are slightly duller versions of the adults. Synonyms S. n. syriaca Temminck, 1835 and S. n. rupicola Blanford, 1873.
Sitta neumayer tschitscherini Zarudny, 1904. Zagros Mountains of Iran. Small, 20–22 g. Paler grey above and has a much weaker eyestripe.
Sitta neumayer plumbea Koelz, 1950. Southern Iran. Resembles S. n. tschitscherini, but has greyer underparts.
It is closely related to eastern rock nuthatch S. tephronota and overlaps with it in the east of its range. Populations in the west of the range (S. n. neumayer) are very similar to eastern rock nuthatches in the east of its range, but where they overlap, they have both evolved by character displacement to become distinct; western rock nuthatches there have become smaller, and with a weaker eyestripe, while eastern rock nuthatches in the overlap zone have become larger, and with a broader, more conspicuous eyestripe.
Behaviour
This territorial species builds a flask-shaped nest from mud, dung and hair or feathers in a rock crevice, cave, or under an overhang on a rock face. Decorative items may be pushed into crevices and cracks near the entrance to the nest. The nest is lined with softer materials and the entrance is sealed with mud. 4-10 eggs are laid, and are white speckled with yellow.
The western rock nuthatch has a tsik call and a trilled tui tui tui song. It is common in suitable habitat in most of its range.
Pliny the Elder believed that it was these birds that inspired man to build homes of earth in imitation of the western rock nuthatch's nests.
以上内容摘自英文维基百科「Western rock nuthatch」，按 CC BY-SA 4.0 使用，去掉了参考文献、外部链接等尾部小节，公式改写成了纯文本。全文、配图和出处见原文。